基于遥感的津京冀植被总初级生产力时空动态及对土地利用类型变化的响应特征研究毕业论文

 2021-04-06 11:04

摘 要

迄今为止,越来越多的人投入到对植被生态系统总初级生产力的研究中去,总初级生产力( GPP)影响着全球气候、地表系统的物质循环,也是碳循环的重要组成因素,是大气中 CO2 进入陆地生态系统的起点和重要分量,对于碳循环的研究有着重要的意义。

本研究选取津京冀地区为研究站点,收集该地区2000-2016年MODIS的GPP数据、土地利用类型数据以及气候数据,利用均值法和相关分析法,获得GPP在这17年来的空间分布、空间分布变化情况、时间分布等以及土地利用类型和气候因子对GPP变化的影响。

在此研究中,得到以下结论:

(1)在空间分布上,从2000年至2015年,尽管这16年中,土地使用情况在不停变更,但总体框架处于相对稳定的阶段。通过对不同土地利用类型占地面积的排序,发现农田的使用面积一直保持在第一位,其次是林地草地,最后是城市和水体,这对以后津京冀地区的土地利用类型开发有重大的指导作用。其次,GPP高的地方主要集中在河北承德市、张家口西南以及北京北部(这些地区主要为林地)。GPP较低的区域主要在张家口北部。

(2)在空间变化上,从区域上来看,2000-2016年GPP变化的空间分布变化为:河北省北部基本都处于大幅度增加状态、西南部靠近省边界处也增加较多,较少区域主要集中在城市、水体周围。其中最高值在承德市,最低值在唐山市沿海地区。从土地使用情况来看:以城市为中心,几乎只有城镇周围的GPP是出于减少状态,而林地、草地、农田的GPP均处于增加状态,其中,GPP增加最快的是林地和草地占地,其次为农田。

(3)在时间上,GPP虽然有波动(在2006年、2009年GPP有明显下降。),但是总体呈现上升趋势,结果表明在津京冀地区,生态环境(草地、林地、农田)得到了很好的保护和发展。

(4)在该研究区域内GPP与气温、降水量主要以低度相关为主。其中,降水量对多年的年平均GPP的影响较大,而气温变化对津京冀地区GPP的变化影响相对较小。

(5)从整体大局来看,在津京冀地区,要加大林地、草地建设,合理规划城镇用地和耕地面积,有效保护环境,使得生态环境处于动态平衡状态。

关键词:津京冀地区;总初级生产力(GPP);时空演变;影响因素

2000-2016 Changes in GPP Based on MODIS Data and Its Influencing Factors

ABSTRACT

So far, more and more people have invested in the study of the Gross Primary Productivity of the vegetation ecosystem. It affects the global climate, the material cycle of the surface system, and the gross primary productivity (GPP) of terrestrial ecosystems is also an important component of the carbon cycle. It is the starting point and important component of CO2 in Atmospheric entering the terrestrial ecosystem. It is of great significance for the study of the carbon cycle.

In this study, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area was selected as the research site, and the GPP data, land-use type data, and climate data of MODIS from 2000-2016 in the area were collected. Using the mean method and correlation analysis method, the space distribution, space distribution changes and time distribution of GPP in the past 17 years were obtained as well as land-use types and climatic factors influence the changes in GPP.

In this study, the following conclusions were obtained.

(1) In terms of spatial distribution, from 2000 to 2015, although the land using situation kept changing during the 16 years, the overall framework was at a relatively stable stage. Through the sorting of land using types (farmland, forest land, grassland, city, and water), it was found that the area of ​​use of farmland has remained at the top, followed by forest land, grassland, and finally cities and water, Which has a major guiding role in the development of land using types in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. The areas with high GPP are mainly concentrated in Chengde, Hebei, southwest of Zhangjiakou, and northern Beijing (these areas are mainly forest land). The lower area of ​​GPP is mainly in the north of Zhangjiakou.

(2) In terms of spatial changes, from a regional point of view, the northern part of Hebei Province is basically in a substantially increasing state, the southwestern part near the provincial boundary increases more, and the smaller one is mainly focus on the city and the water. The highest value is in Chengde City, and the lowest value is in the coastal area of ​​Tangshan City. From the perspective of land use. With the city as the center, almost only the GPP around the town are in a state of reduction, while the forest land, grassland, farmland, and GPP are all in an increasing state. Among them, the GPP increases the fastest in terms of forest land and grassland, followed by farmland.

(3) In spite of fluctuations in the time, the GPP in 2006 and 2009 had a significant decline. However, there is an overall upward trend. The results show that the ecological environment (grassland, forest land, farmland) was obtained in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area, which represents very good protection and development.

(4) Within the study area, GPP is mainly related to temperature and precipitation mainly in low degree correlation. Among them, precipitation has a greater impact on the annual average GPP for many years, while the change in temperature is almost nothing to do with the GPP in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area

(5) Therefore, in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area, it is necessary to increase forest land and grassland construction, properly plan urban land using and cultivated area, effectively protect the environment, and make the ecological environment in a dynamic and balanced state.

Key words: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Area; Gross Primary Productivity (GPP); Spatio-temporal Evolution; Influencing Factors

目 录

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